2 Samuel 19:39

Authorized King James Version

And all the people went over Jordan. And when the king was come over, the king kissed Barzillai, and blessed him; and he returned unto his own place.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
עָבָ֑ר
was come over
to cross over; used very widely of any transition (literal or figurative; transitive, intransitive, intensive, causative); specifically, to cover (in
#2
כָּל
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
#3
הָעָ֛ם
And all the people
a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
#4
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#5
הַיַּרְדֵּ֖ן
Jordan
jarden, the principal river of palestine
#6
הַמֶּ֤לֶךְ
And when the king
a king
#7
עָבָ֑ר
was come over
to cross over; used very widely of any transition (literal or figurative; transitive, intransitive, intensive, causative); specifically, to cover (in
#8
וַיִּשַּׁ֨ק
kissed
to kiss, literally or figuratively (touch); also (as a mode of attachment), to equip with weapons
#9
הַמֶּ֤לֶךְ
And when the king
a king
#10
לְבַרְזִלַּי֙
Barzillai
barzillai, the name of three israelites
#11
וַיְבָ֣רֲכֵ֔הוּ
and blessed
to kneel; by implication to bless god (as an act of adoration), and (vice-versa) man (as a benefit); also (by euphemism) to curse (god or the king, as
#12
וַיָּ֖שָׁב
him and he returned
to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the idea of return to the starting point);
#13
לִמְקֹמֽוֹ׃
unto his own place
properly, a standing, i.e., a spot; but used widely of a locality (general or specific); also (figuratively) of a condition (of body or mind)

Analysis

Within the broader context of 2 Samuel, this passage highlights salvation through simile or metaphorical language. The theological weight of covenant community connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about covenant community, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of 2 Samuel.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of the literary conventions and historical circumstances of biblical literature shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of salvation within the theological tradition of 2 Samuel Understanding the ancient worldview that shaped the author's theological expression helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes covenant community in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

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